The degradation of social order we are experiencing today did not come out of nowhere. Growing alienation and distrust have been apparent for decades. This is not mysterious. But understanding it has become essential.

In his book, “The Great Degeneration,” economic historian Niall Ferguson discusses what has come to pass. He considers four areas in which the degeneration of values and social stability in the United States has had devastating consequences.

Paraphrasing him with my own words, these are: 1) the role of responsibility in the stability of social order, 2) the disintegration of the market economy, 3) the fundamental role of the rule of law, and 4) the essential qualities of a vibrant civil society.

Looking back, Dr. Ferguson reminds us of the vigorous civil and cultural life of 19th century America:

“I want to ask,” he writes, “how far it is possible for a truly free nation to flourish in the absence of the kind of vibrant civil society we used to take for granted? I want to suggest that the opposite of civil society is uncivil society, where even the problem of anti-social behavior becomes a problem for the state.”

Regular readers of this blog are well aware of the destruction of functional local communities over the course of American history. What happened? Why is authentic community so important to civilized life?

This question was addressed directly by Robert Nisbet in the early days of the American Conservative Movement. His influential book, “The Quest for Community,” provides a clear explanation for the social deterioration underlying our present condition.

Robert Nisbet states: “I believe, then, that community is the essential context within which modern alienation has to be considered.

“Here I have reference not so much to a state of mind—although that is inevitably involved—as I do to the more concrete matters of the individual’s relation to social function and social authority. These are… the two supports upon which alone community, in any reasonably precise sense, can exist and influence its members….

“By authority, I do not mean power. Power, I conceive as something external and based on force. Authority, on the other hand, is rooted in the statuses, functions, and allegiances which are the components of any association.

“Authority is indeed indistinguishable from organization, and perhaps the chief means by which… a sense of organization becomes a part of human personality…. Unlike power, it is based ultimately upon the consent of those under it; that is, it is conditional.

“Power arises only when authority breaks down.”

Loss of a self-generating social authority, which brings order, identity, and justice to our lives—is, according to Nisbet, the ultimate challenge confronting Americans. This is the necessity we must recover if we are ever to reach a civilized future.

If we allow the coherence and consciousness of civilized order to be replaced by autocratic top-down domination, we will have lost our liberty, our integrity, our self-sufficiency—leading to a long and difficult road ahead.

Constructive change made possible by the decision-making structure of the United States Constitution will be impossible without it.

Reflecting on the 20th century, and the legacy of two world wars and mass murder on a monumental scale, political philosopher Dr. Hannah Arendt drives home the hard truth of a shattered heritage–

“We can no longer afford to take that which was good in the past and simply call it our heritage, to discard the bad and simply think of it as a dead load which by itself time will bury in oblivion. The subterranean stream of Western history has finally come to the surface and usurped the dignity of our tradition.

“This is the reality in which we live. And this is why all efforts to escape from the grimness of the present into nostalgia for a still intact past, or into the anticipated oblivion of a better future, are vain.”

Listen, my friends: The only future for a free people must be secured with genuine values: Truthfulness, responsibility, steadfast patience—and the necessity for trust.

Each of you is capable of forming a nucleus of safety and sanity with your neighbors.

Don’t argue! And don’t wait!

Tom

Regular readers can watch for the next post on or about January 2.

The forthcoming book is “Liberty and the American Idea.” The Introduction, as well as an annotated Table of Contents and several chapters are linked at the top of the homepage.